{"id":4050,"date":"2020-04-23T17:06:24","date_gmt":"2020-04-23T14:06:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insanveinsan.org\/?page_id=4050"},"modified":"2021-01-20T23:12:27","modified_gmt":"2021-01-20T20:12:27","slug":"28-sayi-toplum-bilimleri-acisindan-salgin-hastaliklar","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/28-sayi-toplum-bilimleri-acisindan-salgin-hastaliklar\/","title":{"rendered":"28. Say\u0131: Toplum Bilimleri A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Salg\u0131n Hastal\u0131klar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\r\n<p><strong><em>Say\u0131 <\/em><\/strong>28<br \/><em><strong>Say\u0131 konusu:<\/strong><\/em> Toplum Bilimleri A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Salg\u0131n Hastal\u0131klar<br \/><em><strong>Say\u0131 Edit\u00f6r\u00fc:<\/strong><\/em> Prof. Dr. Ali Murat Yel<br \/><em><strong>Yay\u0131n tarihi:<\/strong><\/em> Nisan 2021<br \/>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<strong><em>Yaz\u0131 g\u00f6nderme tarihi:<br \/>\r\nBa\u015flang\u0131\u00e7:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a01 Ocak 2021<br \/>\r\n<strong><em>Biti\u015f:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a031 Ocak 2021<br \/>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00c7er\u00e7eve yaz\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>Hastal\u0131k ya da salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar sadece t\u0131p biliminin de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda sosyal bilimlerin de konusudur. Avrupa\u2019da Kara Veba ve onun toplumsal etkileri hakk\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok tarihi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yine benzer \u015fekilde Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apta meydana gelen veba salg\u0131nlar\u0131 ve bunlara kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nan \u00f6nlemler de yine \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara konu edilmi\u015ftir. Modern d\u00f6nemde t\u0131p biliminin geli\u015fti\u011fi ve teknolojik ilerlemelerle art\u0131k hemen hemen her hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7aresi bulunmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tekil hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadelede \u00f6nemli ba\u015far\u0131lar elde edilmi\u015f ama d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerinde zaman zaman ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7aresiz kal\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. T\u0131ptaki ilerlemelere kar\u015f\u0131n hala salg\u0131n tehditlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ise komplo teorileriyle a\u00e7\u0131klanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmakta ve hep bir insan unsurunun tabii olmayan bir bi\u00e7imde m\u00fcdahalede bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Biyo-ter\u00f6rizm ya da biyolojik silah veya sava\u015f kavramlar\u0131 insanlar\u0131n korkular\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak yerine daha \u00e7ok tedirgin olmalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. HalbukiD\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc bile iki y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde \u201cvirus x\u201d veya \u201cdisease x\u201d ad\u0131 verilen ar-ge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ileride Ebola, SARS veya Zika gibi salg\u0131nlarda nas\u0131l tedbirler al\u0131nmas\u0131na dair stratejiler geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n devletlerin birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 tehdit unsuru olarak alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 makul de\u011fildir. Her ne kadar biyolojik tehditler her y\u00f6netim i\u00e7in kolay bir y\u00f6ntem olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclse bile uygulamada kimsenin cesaret edemeyece\u011fi bir husustur.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>Jared Diamond\u2019un Guns, Germs and Steel isimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda iddia etti\u011fi gibi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n ya da salg\u0131nlar\u0131n tarihi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla toplumu de\u011fi\u015ftirdikleri veya d\u00fczenledikleri arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131 neden sorgulanmadan kabul g\u00f6rmektedir? Hemen herkesin hemfikir oldu\u011fu, sosyal yap\u0131lar\u0131n, ili\u015fkilerin, devlet ve siyasetin vatanda\u015fla ili\u015fkisinin de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi ya da en az\u0131ndan kesinlikle de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131 iddialar\u0131 ne kadar ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r? Hatta daha da ileri giderek devletlerin otoriterle\u015fece\u011fi ve demokrasi taleplerinin azalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmek sosyal de\u011fi\u015fimin temel dinamikleri ile ne kadar ba\u011fda\u015fabilir? Belki baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde asayi\u015fi sa\u011flamak \u00fczere askeri birliklerden yard\u0131m istenmesi, ne kadar militerle\u015fme olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131p \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 olarak yorumlanabilir?<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>Anthony Giddens\u2019\u0131n gelecek kayg\u0131s\u0131 ya da g\u00fcvenlik endi\u015feleri ta\u015f\u0131yan toplum, Ulrich Beck\u2019in modernle\u015fmenin insan eliyle toplumlar\u0131 tehlikeye atmas\u0131 \u015feklinde tarif ettikleri \u201crisk toplumu\u201d kavram\u0131 \u00fczerine yeni tart\u0131\u015fmalar a\u00e7\u0131labilir mi? Risk bahane edilerek salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar Michel Foucault\u2019nun iddia etti\u011fi gibi egemen g\u00fc\u00e7lerin fiziki ceza yerine disipline dayanan cezaya ge\u00e7melerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmakta m\u0131d\u0131r? GSM ve cep telefonu \u015firketlerinin bireylerin g\u00f6zetlenmesini toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclerek g\u00fcvenlik\u00e7i politikalar \u00fcretilmesinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na neden itiraz edilmemektedir?<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>\u201cEvde kal\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yank\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ortamda dostluk, arkada\u015fl\u0131k ve belki daha m\u00fchimi yaln\u0131zl\u0131k duygusu modern insan\u0131 nas\u0131l etkilemektedir? Bireylerin yaln\u0131z olduklar\u0131n\u0131 inkar edercesine telefonla, k\u0131sa mesajlarla, \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i g\u00f6nderilerle, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc aramalar, konferans g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri veya y\u00fczy\u00fcze e\u011fitimin ask\u0131ya al\u0131n\u0131p internet\/televizyon \u00fczerinden devam ettirilmesi bireyin yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutturabilmekte midir?<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>\u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p para kazanman\u0131n asl\u0131nda hayat\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi kapitalist sistemde salg\u0131n d\u00f6neminde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir? Meslekler ile sosyal stat\u00fcler aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131 yeniden kurulmakta ve evden \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tarz\u0131n\u0131n benimsenmesinin \u00e7ok \u00f6tesinde somut \u00fcretime ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kar amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik i\u015fler de\u011fer g\u00f6r\u00fcrken art\u0131k hem\u015firelik, hasta ve ya\u015fl\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131, evlere paket da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yapan muhta\u00e7lara yard\u0131m eden meslekler gibi \u201chayat \u00fcreten\u201d i\u015flerin k\u0131ymeti anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>\u0130badethanelerinde cemaatlerinin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesine bile itiraz edemeyen din bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ad\u0131na bile pozitivist\u00e7e \u201cbilim kurulu\u201d denilen yap\u0131larla ili\u015fkisini yeniden d\u00fczenleyecek midir? Self-izolasyona tabi tutulan bireyler gerek kendi varl\u0131klar\u0131 gerekse yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f ama\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerine bir sorgulama s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7erek dindarla\u015fma ya da en az\u0131ndan daha maneviyat\u00e7\u0131 bir ki\u015fili\u011fe evirilerek ahlak\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 bir toplumu te\u015fvik edecekler midir?<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>\u00d6nceki d\u00f6nemlerde genellikle yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n salg\u0131nlar\u0131n sebebi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 tezah\u00fcrlerle d\u0131\u015fland\u0131klar\u0131 daha yayg\u0131nken g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde salg\u0131nlar\u0131n s\u00f6zde demokratik yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve din, dil, \u0131rk veya s\u0131n\u0131f ay\u0131rmad\u0131klar\u0131 kabul g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, salg\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclke vatanda\u015flar\u0131 ya da cinsel e\u011filimi farkl\u0131 bireyler su\u00e7lanmaya devam etmektedir.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>\u0130nsan ve \u0130nsan Dergisi\u2019nin, bu \u00f6zel say\u0131s\u0131na \u201cToplum Bilimleri A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Salg\u0131n Hastal\u0131klar\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesinin nedeni tarih boyunca insan topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelen bu hadiselerin asl\u0131nda meydana gelirken pek fark\u0131na var\u0131lmayan ama zamanla ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p ona ba\u011flanan etkileri \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve raporlamay\u0131 te\u015fvik etmektir. Olaylar meydana gelip \u00fczerinden zaman ge\u00e7tikten sonra yorumlanmas\u0131 nispeten kolayken b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimlerin fark\u0131na var\u0131p onlarla ilgili \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerde bulunmak cesaret isteyen bir giri\u015fimdir. Bu makale \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 salg\u0131n\u0131n kendisini en derinden hissettirdi\u011fi g\u00fcnlerde yay\u0131nlamas\u0131 da ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara i\u00e7erisinde bulunduklar\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131 \u00f6znel bir bi\u00e7imde de\u011ferlendirip farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lardan tahlil edebilecekleri bir ortam sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Salg\u0131ndan do\u011frudan etkilenip te\u015fhis edilen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lardan dolayl\u0131 olarak etkilenenlere kadar hem ara\u015ft\u0131ran hem de ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan akt\u00f6rlere odaklanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n kitlelere sunulmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>Herhangi bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama \u00f6ng\u00f6rmeden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki alanlar\u0131 dikkate sunarak disiplinler aras\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 benimsedi\u011fimizi belirtmek istiyor ve konuyla ilgilenen herkesin ele\u015ftirel katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bekliyoruz.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:list -->\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Hastal\u0131k<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n d\u00f6nemlerinde medya ve sosyal medya<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar ve siyaset kurumlar\u0131<\/li>\r\n<li>Dinlerin salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klara bak\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar\u0131n ekonomi \u00fczerindeki etkileri<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k d\u00f6nemlerinde ulus-devlet kavram\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/li>\r\n<li>Toplumsal cinsiyet ve salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, emek ve i\u015fsizlik<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n d\u00f6nemlerinde toplumlar\u0131n g\u00f6zetim alt\u0131na al\u0131narak tahakk\u00fcm edilmesi<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n d\u00f6nemlerinden bireyler hakk\u0131nda verilerin toplanmas\u0131<\/li>\r\n<li>Edebi eser konusu olarak salg\u0131nlar<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar ve yerel y\u00f6netimler ile STK\u2019lar<\/li>\r\n<li>Salg\u0131n d\u00f6nemlerinde muhta\u00e7lara yard\u0131m<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><strong>Prof. Dr. Ali Murat Yel<\/strong><br \/><em>Say\u0131 Edit\u00f6r\u00fc<\/em><\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:list -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Say\u0131 28Say\u0131 konusu: Toplum Bilimleri A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Salg\u0131n Hastal\u0131klarSay\u0131 Edit\u00f6r\u00fc: Prof. Dr. Ali Murat YelYay\u0131n tarihi: Nisan 2021 Yaz\u0131 g\u00f6nderme tarihi: Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7:\u00a01 Ocak 2021 Biti\u015f:\u00a031 Ocak 2021 \u00c7er\u00e7eve yaz\u0131s\u0131 Hastal\u0131k ya da salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar sadece t\u0131p biliminin de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda sosyal bilimlerin de konusudur. Avrupa\u2019da Kara Veba ve onun toplumsal etkileri hakk\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok tarihi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/28-sayi-toplum-bilimleri-acisindan-salgin-hastaliklar\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">28. Say\u0131: Toplum Bilimleri A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Salg\u0131n Hastal\u0131klar<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4050","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4050","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4050"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4050\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4651,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4050\/revisions\/4651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}