{"id":2262,"date":"2017-01-15T11:29:14","date_gmt":"2017-01-15T09:29:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/insanveinsan.org\/?p=2262"},"modified":"2018-04-09T21:44:53","modified_gmt":"2018-04-09T18:44:53","slug":"parlamenter-ve-baskanlik-sistemiyle-yonetilen-ulkelerde-gelir-dagilimi-esitsizligi-ve-yoksulluk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/parlamenter-ve-baskanlik-sistemiyle-yonetilen-ulkelerde-gelir-dagilimi-esitsizligi-ve-yoksulluk\/","title":{"rendered":"Inequality of Income Distribution and Poverty in Countries Governed by Parliamentary and Presidential Systems"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Abstract: <\/strong> In this article, parliamentary, presidential and semi-presidential governments are examined in terms of inequality of income distribution and poverty. In this way, it is aimed that hypothetical discussions about the advantages or disadvantages of political systems can be overcome and more refined knowledge about the nature of political systems can be reached through the concrete results of the analyses. In the first part of the study, it is determined and classified which countries in the world are governed by parliamentary system and which are governed by presidential and semi-presidential systems. In the second part, inequality of income distribution, measured by Gini Index (World Bank estimate) in more than one hundred and fifty countries of the world are reviewed and compared by parliamentary, presidential and semi-presidential systems. And in the third part, the poverty levels of one hundred and one countries in Multidimensional Poverty Index, which is developed by Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative, are assessed in terms of their affiliation to the competing political systems. According to the results of the study, it is found that inequality of income distribution is less in the countries governed by the parliamentary system, and in a similar way, it is more favorable in terms of poverty. Presidential and semi-presidential countries were found to be in somewhat negative condition in both categories.<\/p>\n

Keywords: <\/strong> Parliamentary system, Presidential system, Semi-presidential system, Inequality of income distribution, Gini index, Poverty.<\/p>\n

Parlamenter ve Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Sistemiyle Y\u00f6netilen \u00dclkelerde Gelir Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 E\u015fitsizli\u011fi ve Yoksulluk <\/h1>\n

\u00d6zet: <\/strong> Bu makalede parlamenter, ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve yar\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemiyle y\u00f6netilen \u00fclkeler gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 e\u015fitsizli\u011fi ve yoksulluk bak\u0131m\u0131ndan incelenmektedir. Bu \u015fekilde, y\u00f6netim sistemlerinin avantaj veya dezavantajlar\u0131na dair hipotetik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, somut ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinden y\u00f6netim sistemlerinin niteli\u011fine dair daha rafine bilgiye ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ilk k\u0131sm\u0131nda, d\u00fcnyada hangi \u00fclkelerin parlamenter sistemle, hangilerinin ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve yar\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemleriyle y\u00f6netildi\u011fi belirlenmi\u015f ve tasnif edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, y\u00fcz elliden fazla \u00fclkenin gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 e\u015fitsizli\u011fi – Gini Endeksi (D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 tahmini) y\u00f6netim sistemlerine g\u00f6re g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ise Oxford Yoksulluk ve \u0130nsani Geli\u015fme Giri\u015fimi\u2019nin \u00c7ok Boyutlu Yoksulluk Endeksi\u2019ndeki y\u00fcz bir \u00fclkenin yoksulluk seviyesi rakip siyasi sistemlere ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan incelenmi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re, parlamenter sistemle y\u00f6netilen \u00fclkelerde gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 e\u015fitsizli\u011finin daha az oldu\u011fu, bu \u00fclkelerin benzer \u015fekilde yoksulluk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da daha olumlu durumda oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve yar\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k \u00fclkelerinin ise bilakis her iki kategoride de olumsuz durumda bulundu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Anahtar kelimeler: <\/strong> Parlamenter sistem, Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemi, Yar\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemi, Gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 e\u015fitsizli\u011fi, Gini endeksi, Yoksulluk.<\/p>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H. Emre BA\u011eCE <\/p>\n

\n

DOI: 10.29224\/insanveinsan.289189<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Year 4, Issue 11, Winter 2017<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\"\"
\nTam metin \/ Full text
\n(Turkish)<\/p>\n

\"Creative<\/a>
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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