{"id":3277,"date":"2019-02-03T20:27:10","date_gmt":"2019-02-03T18:27:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insanveinsan.org\/?p=3277"},"modified":"2019-02-11T00:33:56","modified_gmt":"2019-02-10T22:33:56","slug":"osmanli-vakiflarinin-tuzel-kisiligi-var-miydi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/osmanli-vakiflarinin-tuzel-kisiligi-var-miydi\/","title":{"rendered":"Did Ottoman Waqfs have a Juristic Personality?"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Yakup Akku\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract: <\/strong> The concept and institution of juristic personality is inherently owned by Western European Law. The juristic personality of the Islamic and Ottoman waqfs is not adequately examined in the literature. In this study, according to the Islamic Law, it is accepted that Ottoman waqfs have a juristic personality in general, taking into account the criteria such as managing waqfs according to their waqfiyyas, managing them with their own reve-nue-expenses, being a defendant-plaintiff and a debtor-creditor, and possessing assets. However, the juristic personality of the Ottoman waqfs is, in fact, weaker than the similar ones in Europe, due to strict control or direct intervention of the state in the waqf administration. Besides these, while the juristic personality of the waqfs are discussed, it is necessary to consider the types of the waqfs. For instance, de facto juristic personality of the sultanic waqfs and large waqfs are weaker than the juristic personality of small waqfs and family waqfs. In addition, m\u00fclhak waqfs\u201d have a juristic personality, but mazbut waqfs\u201d not. Because, none of mazbut waqfs\u201d have own organ, and are administrated by Mi-nistry of Awqaf. The study also addresses the theoretical relationship between the juristic personality of waqfs and economic development.<\/p>\n

Keywords: <\/strong> Law of waqf, Juristic per-sonality, Autonomy, Ottoman waqfs, European waqfs.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 Vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fczel Ki\u015fili\u011fi Var m\u0131yd\u0131?<\/h1>\n

\u00d6z: <\/strong> T\u00fczel ki\u015filik kavram\u0131 ve kurumu \u00f6z\u00fc itibariyle Bat\u0131 Avrupa Hukuku\u2019na aittir. \u0130slam ve Osmanl\u0131 vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi ise literat\u00fcrde yete-rince irdelenmi\u015f de\u011fildir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, vak\u0131flar\u0131n vakfiyelerine g\u00f6re y\u00f6netilmesi, m\u00fctevellileri yoluyla kendi gelir-giderlerini idare etmesi, daval\u0131 ve davac\u0131 olabilmesi, malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131, bor\u00e7lu ve ala-cakl\u0131 olabilmesi gibi kriterler dikkate al\u0131narak; genel anlamda Osmanl\u0131 vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130slam Hukuku\u2019na g\u00f6re, t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Ancak Osmanl\u0131 vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015filikleri, devletin s\u0131k\u0131 dene-timi veya do\u011frudan y\u00f6netime m\u00fcdahalesi sebebiyle, fiiliyatta Avrupa\u2019daki muadillerine nazaran zay\u0131f kalmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda, vak\u0131flar\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015filikleri tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken vak\u0131f t\u00fcrlerinin g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir. Bilhassa bu konuya yo\u011funla\u015fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, sultan vak\u0131flar\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 vak\u0131flar\u0131n de facto t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerinin, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 vak\u0131flar ile aile vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerine k\u0131yasla daha zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fclhak vak\u0131flar\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011finin oldu\u011fu; m\u00fctevellileri olmayan ve do\u011frudan Evkaf Nezareti taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen mazbut vak\u0131flar\u0131n ise t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, vak\u0131flar\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi ile iktisadi geli\u015fme aras\u0131ndaki teorik ili\u015fkiye de\u011finilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Anahtar kelimeler: <\/strong> Vak\u0131f hukuku, T\u00fczel ki\u015filik, \u00d6zerklik, Osmanl\u0131 vak\u0131flar\u0131, Avrupa vak\u0131flar\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Yakup Akku\u015f<\/span>
\nDOI: 10.29224\/insanveinsan.446622<\/a><\/span>
\nYear 6, Issue 19, Winter 2019<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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Yakup Akku\u015f Abstract: The concept and institution of juristic personality is inherently owned by Western European Law. The juristic personality of the Islamic and Ottoman waqfs is not adequately examined in the literature. In this study, according to the Islamic Law, it is accepted that Ottoman waqfs have a juristic personality in general, taking into … Continue reading Did Ottoman Waqfs have a Juristic Personality?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sayi-19-kis-2019"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3277"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3277\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.insanveinsan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}