The Level and Dimensions of Peer Bullying Among Older People

Hıfzı Yunus Caner / Veli Özkurt

Abstract: While research on peer bullying largely focuses on childhood and adolescence and edu-cational institutions, peer bullying in the context of old age is significantly neglected in the literatüre. This study aims to provide a general framework regarding the frequency of peer bullying among the older people, where/how/through what means it occurs, the main causes of bullying among the older people, and the characteristics of the parties involved in bullying. The study involved face-to-face interviews with 212 older people aged 60 and over. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using descriptive frequency analyses and Chi-Square Tests. 70.3% of the older people participants in the study reported experiencing at least one type of bullying, including physical, verbal, emotional, or social exclusion, gossip, damage to property, sexual or cyberbullying. The rate is 82.8% for older people women and 65.6% for older people men. The most common types of bullying among older people are verbal bullying (55.2%) and social exclusion and gossip (48.6%). The data show that peer bullying among the older people is a significant problem and high-light the need for preventive policies and effective support mechanisms in this area.

Keywords: Bullying, Peer bullying, Old age, Aging, Social exclusion

Hıfzı Yunus Caner / Veli Özkurt
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1920439
Yıl 13, Sayı 42, Yaz 2026


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Analyzing Representations of the Elderly on Television: A Case Study of Güldür Güldür Show

Nergiz Gündel / Sumru Yıldırım

Abstract: In Turkey, television maintains its role as the most widely watched medium of communication. Among the programmes broadcast, comedy shows not only entertain but also bring diverse representations to the screen through content that provokes thought, offers criticism and educates. The aim of this study is to analyse how the elderly are represented in comedy programmes. The research sample consists of ninety-eight sketches selected using a purposive sampling method from the eleventh and twelfth seasons of the Güldür Güldür Show. The research was carried out within a theoretical framework that addresses the phenomenon of old age through its physiological, sociological and psychological dimensions, which form the basis of dramaturgical character development. In the study, programme scripts were analysed using computational text mining methods via the R programming language and the NRC Emotion Lexicon. Quantitative data were combined with qualitative content analysis to form a mixed-methods design. The findings present data suggesting that old age is reduced to ‘cost’ in the sociological dimension, ‘management’ in the psychological dimension, and ‘object of care’ in the physiological dimension. Furthermore, gender-based double standards were identified in the representations. Consequently, the study shows that age discrimination can be normalised on a societal level by aestheticising the comedy narrative.

Keywords: Representations of the elderly, Ageism, Media studies, Television, Humor

Nergiz Gündel / Sumru Yıldırım
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1919620
Issue 42, Yaz 2026


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Evaluations of Living Alone by Older Adults Living Alone: “It Hurts Me, But What Can I Do?”

Edip Aygüler / Sema Buz

Abstract: In Turkey, there has been a significant increase in the number of older adults living alone due to reasons such as modernization, migration, changing family structures, and urban living practices. It is important to understand that older adults living alone face significant challenges due to the combination of natural ageing processes and feelings of isolation. This can result in a greater degree of disadvantage compared to the wider elderly population. The objective of this phenomenological study is to explore the experiences of older adults living alone in the context of living alone and the challenges they face in doing so. In this context, 35 participants in Ankara were selected for in-depth interviews using purposive sampling, with the aim of reflecting maximum diversity. The analysis of the data revealed that participants preferred to live alone to preserve their independence and to avoid being a burden on their children; however, they experienced loneliness. It was observed that participants experienced difficulties in daily household tasks such as shopping and home repairs and that participants had fears about home accidents and illness. It was also understood that sociodemographic characteristics have a bearing on the experience of living alone. Policy and practice-oriented recommendations have been formulated to address the issue of loneliness experienced by older adults and to mitigate the challenges associated with living alone.

Keywords: Older adults living alone, Loneliness, Old age, Aging, Qualitative research

Edip Aygüler / Sema Buz
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1910462
Issue 42, Yaz 2026


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Urban Gerontology and Multi-Level Governance in Türkiye: An Analysis of National Policies and Metropolitan Municipality Strategic Plans

Çiğdem Tuğaç

Abstract: The rapid demographic ageing in Türkiye necessitates a holistic re-evaluation of aging policies through the lens of urban planning, governance, and social policy. This study analyzes ageing policies in Türkiye from the perspective of urban gerontology within a multi-level governance framework. Employing qualitative document analysis, it examines national policy documents and the 2025–2029 strategic plans of 30 metropolitan municipalities, grounded in the core components of urban gerontology as well as the paradigms of ageing in place and age-friendly cities. Findings reveal that, while both national and local policy documents rhetorically incorporate key elements of urban gerontology, local policies primarily focus on traditional care services and social assistance. Dimensions such as active ageing, participatory governance and spatial justice remain secondary due to institutional capacity constraints and the lack of data-driven planning. In line with the urban gerontology approach, the study offers policy recommendations to institutionalize gerontological expertise within local administrations and activate multi-level governance mechanisms to build age-friendly urban ecosystems.

Keywords: Urban gerontology, Ageing policies, Multi-level governance, Ageing in place, Age-friendly cities

Çiğdem Tuğaç
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1910503
Issue 42, Yaz 2026


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Levels of Loneliness and Perceptions of Social Support Among Older Adults: The Case of Tazelenme University

Emre Birinci

Abstract: Loneliness is recognised as a growing public health issue in contemporary societies. Changing living conditions have increased social isolation and loneliness among older adults. This study was conducted to examine the levels of loneliness and perceived social support among older adults. The participants in this cross-sectional study comprised 205 students from the 60+ Tazelenme University between 1 January and 1 June 2024. Data were collected using the Personal Profile Form, the UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Weak but statistically significant negative correlations were found between loneliness and perceived social support (ρ = -0.304), family support (ρ = -0.246), support from a significant other (ρ = -0.183) and friend support (ρ = -0.354). The results of the study revealed that older adults’ levels of loneliness were moderate and that their levels of perceived social support were generally high.

Keywords: Older adults, Elderly, Loneliness, Social support, Ageing

Emre Birinci
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1919451
Issue 42, Yaz 2026


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Ports, Plans, and Platforms: Reordering Turkish Agriculture

Evrim Polat Yılmaz

Abstract: This article examines the trajectory of the “agrarian question” in Turkey using food regime theory and aims to explain how Turkish agriculture has been integrated into the world food system from the late Ottoman period to the present. It is a theoretical study based on documentary review of secondary sources and comparative-historical analysis. The findings show that across three food regime periods, colonial-diasporic, mercantile-industrial and corporate-neoliberal, Turkish agriculture has been commercialized and restructured in different ways through state policies and international institutions. These transformations have created new forms of dependency, inequality, and vulnerability by reshaping peasant livelihoods, production patterns and food security policies. As a manifestation of these structural changes, vulnerabilities such as exposure to food price volatility, import dependence and climate shocks are interpreted as evidences of the instability of the current corporate-neoliberal food regime. The article argues that neo-mercantilist food security, food sovereignty and agroecological initiatives can be interpreted as nascent elements of a possible fourth food regime.

Keywords: Food regimes, Agrarian change, Food security, Food sovereignty, Agroecology

Evrim Polat Yılmaz
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1793667
Issue 41, Winter 2026


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“Silent Danger on Our Tables!”: The Presentation of Pesticides in the Turkish News Media

Zöhre Akyol / Özge Cengiz

Abstract: This study analyzes pesticide-related news published between August 2024 and August 2025 in Hürriyet, Milliyet, Sabah, Sözcü, and Habertürk newspapers through content analysis, revealing how pesticide and food safety issues are framed in the media in terms of discourse and representation. Examining 169 news items, the research evaluates the types of sources used, actor representations, linguistic characteristics, and the presence of solution proposals. The findings show that official institutions and international organizations are the most frequently featured actors, while farmers, civil society organizations, and local actors are represented only to a limited extent. The absence of sources information in nearly one-third of the news points to issues of verifiability and transparency. In most cases, pesticides are mentioned only indirectly, with health-related harms emphasized while environmental and economic impacts remain in the background. Solutions are mostly presented at the individual level, with structural or scientific proposals being limited. Overall, current media practices appear inadequate in fostering public awareness and encouraging critical inquiry on pesticides and food safety, instead legitimizing dominant institutional discourses.

Keywords: Pesticide, Food safety, Media, Agricultural policy, Agricultural journalism

Zöhre Akyol / Özge Cengiz
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1793320
Issue 41, Winter 2026


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Agricultural Total Factor Productivity in Türkiye: An ARDL Analysis of Macro-Institutional Drivers

Serkan Şengül / Pınar Karahan-Dursun

Abstract: This study examines the determinants of agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) in Türkiye over the period 1991–2022 using the ARDL approach. The analysis incorporates agricultural credit, agricultural CO₂ emissions, human capital (average years of schooling), urbanization, and agricultural value added as explanatory variables. The Bounds test confirms the existence of a cointegration relationship among the variables. The long-run ARDL model results show that agricultural credit and urbanization have negative effects on TFP, while human capital and agricultural value added contribute positively. These signs are also confirmed by the short-run ARDL model. The empirical results indicate that agricultural CO₂ emissions are insignificant in the long run but exert a negative short-run effect, reflecting temporary stress and inefficiencies. Overall, the study provides important policy insights, emphasizing the need for financial reforms, human capital development, rural revitalization, value-chain strengthening, and climate-smart practices to sustain agricultural productivity growth.

Keywords: Agricultural productivity, Agricultural credit, Human capital, ARDL, Türkiye

Serkan Şengül / Pınar Karahan-Dursun
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1793544
Year 13, Issue 41, Winter 2026


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Determinants of Agricultural Employment in Türkiye: A Microeconomic Analysis

Dilek Şenel

Abstract: The share of agricultural sector in employment has been gradually declining in Türkiye. This decline may lead to various socio-economic problems. Therefore, it has become increasingly important to identify the structural characteristics of employment in the agricultural sector, which is a strategic component of economies, and to implement effective policies aimed at increasing agricultural employment. Accordingly, this study aims to identify micro variables affecting agricultural employment and to comprehensively reveal its socio-demographic and structural determinants in Türkiye. In this study, which was structured around a quantitative research design, data was accessed through the Turkish Statistical Institute’s 2023 Labor Force Statistics Micro Data Set, and findings were obtained using binary logistic regression analysis. According to the socio-demographic findings of the study, being female, married, of advanced age, and having a low level of education, as well as residing in the Black Sea Region, increase the likelihood of employment in the agricultural sector in Türkiye. When examined in terms of working conditions, the findings indicate that informal employment, full-time employment, unpaid family workers, long employment duration, and employment in small enterprises are among the structural determinants of employment in the agricultural sector.

Keywords: Agricultural sector, Agricultural employment, Employment, Labour force statistics, Logistic regression analysis

Dilek Şenel
DOI:10.29224/insanveinsan.1792994
Issue 41, Winter 2026


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Modernism in the Cinema of Yılmaz Güney and Nuri Bilge Ceylan

Göksel Aymaz

Abstract: This article aims to identify the modernist character in the cinema of Yılmaz Güney and Nuri Bilge Ceylan. The critique of man and the world has always been transformed into a promise of happiness in classical modernism. This promise is tied to the ability and action of man to change the world by changing himself, to emancipatory praxis. This modernist attitude in Güney’s cinema, in addition to the semantic dimension of his stories, is most visibly manifested in the iconic impact of the “valiant” characters he portrays in his films, which is sometimes reinforced by his real-life persona. Through his protagonists, ranging from the “bandit” in the countryside to the “bully” in the city, Güney develops an objection against the evil world, and with his iconic image, he encourages his fans to aspire to a similar kind of objection. The modernist character of Ceylan’s cinema stems from the way it depicts the evil of man and the world, and the way it shows why man and the world are in a state of evil and pessimism. Evil exposed without deception is the guiding image of goodness, and Ceylan’s cinema becomes a promise of goodness and happiness by showing evil without deception.

Keywords: Yılmaz Güney, Nuri Bilge Ceylan, Modernism, Promise of happiness, Emancipatory praxis

Göksel Aymaz
DOI: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1668016
Year 12, Issue 40, Summer 2025


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